What is one consequence of improper nutrient application?

Improper nutrient application can lead to decreased soil productivity for several reasons. When nutrients are overapplied, it can result in nutrient imbalances that disrupt the natural balance of the soil ecosystem. This can lead to issues such as nutrient runoff, which not only wastes resources but also contributes to water pollution. Additionally, excess nutrients can lead to toxicity levels that harm beneficial soil organisms, further reducing soil health.

Moreover, improper nutrient management can lead to soil degradation, including compaction, erosion, and loss of organic matter. Each of these factors directly impacts the soil's ability to support crop growth, leading to reduced yields over time. Conversely, the other options presented do not typically result from improper nutrient application. For instance, improved crop resilience and lower pest incidence suggest positive outcomes that do not stem from mismanagement of nutrient inputs. Similarly, increased soil pH is not a direct consequence of improper nutrient application; it may occur due to specific actions like liming or acidifying inputs, but not as a direct result of misapplying nutrients.